- Internet protocol: IP is responsible for addressing a data packet. IP encapsulates the data packet that is to be transmitted and adds an address header. The header contains information about the IP addresses of the sender and recipient. The order in which the packets are sent or received is irrelevant to the protocol. It also does not guarantee that packages will be delivered. It is only responsible for the address.
Special IP addresses
Each of the classes has restrictions on the ranges of IP addresses that are allowed to be used. This table lists the most common.
| Address range | area | description |
|---|---|---|
| 10.0.0.0 to 10.255.255.255 | Private network | Used for local communication in a private network |
| 127.0.0.0 to 127.255.255.255 | Host | Used for loopback addresses |
| 172.16.0.0 through 172.31.255.255 | Private network | Used for local communication in a private network |
| 192.88.99.0 through 192.88.99.255 | Internet | Reserved |
| 192.168.0.0 to 192.168.255.255 | Private network | Used for local communication in a private network |
| 255.255.255.255 | Subnet | Reserved for the destination address “Limited Broadcast” |
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